Eide is a Norwegian surname with topographic origins, derived from the Old Norse word eið meaning "isthmus" — a narrow strip of land connecting two larger landmasses, often adjacent to water. The name reflects a common Scandinavian tradition of adopting surnames based on geographical features of the family's homestead or region. Etymology and History The root eið appears across the Norse-speaking world in place names and surnames. In Norway, farms or settlements located on an isthmus frequently bore the name Eide or variations like Eid. As hereditary surnames became widespread in the 19th and 20th centuries, many families permanently adopted the name based on their ancestral farm. The name is thus both a surname and a toponym, with numerous places named Eide across the country. Distribution and Notable Bearers The surname Eide is most prevalent in Norway, particularly in the western regions such as Møre og Romsdal, where a municipality also bears the name. Notable bearers include Norwegian footballer Morten Eide (born 1980) and researcher Marta Eide (born 1964). The surname is also found in Danish and Swedish populations, though less commonly. Related and Variant Forms Cognate names in other Scandinavian languages include Danish and Norwegian Eide and Icelandic Eidsvoll. Related compounds like Eidfjord, Eidanger, and Eidskog also originate from the same root, using landmark geography for identification. Meaning: "isthmus" Origin: Old Norse eið Type: topographic surname Primary regions: Norway, especially Møre og Romsdal