Acqua is an Italian surname meaning "water." It originated as a topographic name for someone who lived near a body of water, such as a lake, spring, or river, or as an occupational name for a water carrier or transporter. The name derives from the Latin word aqua and is common in northern and central Italy, particularly in regions like Lombardy, Veneto, and Tuscany. Variants include Dell'Acqua ("of the water"), Acquaro, and Acquaroli. While less common, the surname is also found among Italian diaspora communities in the Americas and Europe. Notable bearers include figures from the arts, such as painters and musicians, though the surname remains moderately rare overall.